Phylogenetic relationships among sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada): the craniodental evidence

Phylogenetic relationships among sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada): the craniodental evidence

Source :

• Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [ 0024-4082 ] ; 2004-02.

Descripteurs français

• Wicri :
  • topic : écologie.

English descriptors

• KwdEn :
  • Academia brasileira, Acratocnus, Alisphenoid, Alternative hypotheses, Ambiguous characters, American museum, American museum novitates, Amnh, Analcimorphus, Angeles county, Angular process, Anteater, Anterior, Anterior edge, Anteriorly, Anteroposterior, Anteroposterior length, Anteroposteriorly, Anteroventral, Antillean, Auditory, Auditory region, Auditory region characters, Basal, Basal megatherioids, Black lines, Bootstrap, Bradypus, Braincase, Braincase width, Branch support, Branch support value, Branch support values, Buccinator fossa, Buenos aires, Cartelle, Catonyx, Character state changes, Character states, Choloepus, Cingulata, Clade, Condylar, Condyle, Condyloid, Condyloid process, Conv, Convergent, Convex, Coronoid, Coronoid process, Couto, Cranial, Craniodental, Craniodental characters, Crown group, Cyclopes, Data matrix, Dental characters, Dentition, Diphyly, Dorsal, Dorsal view, Dorsally, Dorsoventrally, Ecology, Edentata, Edentate, Engelmann, Entotympanic, Eremotherium, Eucholoeops, Euphractus, Eutardigrada, Eutherian, Extant, Extant sloth genera, Extant taxa, External nares, Extinct, Extinct sloths, Families megatheriidae, Family megalonychidae, Family megatheriidae, Family nothrotheriidae, Fmnh, Foramen, Foramen magnum, Fossa, Fossil, Frailey, Gaudin, Gaudin branham, Genus, Glenoid, Glossotherium, Glyptodonts, Greenwood, Ground sloths, Guth, Hapalops, Hirschfeld, Hirschfeld webb, Hoffstetter, Holmesina, Horizontal ramus, Intermediate development, Interrelationship, Iuliis, Jugal, Kraglievich, Lacrimal, Lacrimal foramen, Lamina, Late miocene, Lateral, Lateral view, Laterally, Lestodon, Linnean, Linnean society, Lobate, Long axis, Lower teeth, Lower tooth, Lydekker, Macphee, Mammal, Mammalia, Mandible, Mandibular, Mandibular canal, Mandibular coronoid process, Mandibular symphysis, Matthew paula couto, Maxilla, Maxillary, Maxillary foramen, Mcdonald, Mcdonald perea, Mckenna, Mckenna bell, Medial, Medial palatal process, Mediolaterally, Megalocnus, Megalonychid, Megalonychidae, Megalonychids, Megalonychoidea, Megalonyx, Megatheria, Megatheriid, Megatheriidae, Megatherioidea, Megatherioids, Megatherium, Metacheiromys, Miocene, Moderate length, Molariform, Molariform teeth, Molariforms, Monophyletic, Monophyletic group, Monophyly, Morphology, Muizon, Muizon mcdonald, Multistate, Mylodon, Mylodontid, Mylodontidae, Mylodontinae, Mylodontines, Myrmecophaga, Naples, Nasal region, Nasopharynx, Natural history, Natural history museum, Nematherium, Neocnus, Nnnnn, Nnnnn nnnnn nnnnn nnnnn nnnnn, Node, Nothropus, Nothrotheres, Nothrotheriidae, Nothrotheriids, Nothrotheriops, Nothrotherium, Novacek, Nuchal, Nuchal crest, Occipital, Occipital condyles, Occiput, Occlusal, Occlusal surface, Octodontotherium, Octomylodon, Optic foramen, Orbital exposure, Orbital foramina, Order xenarthra, Orthodentine, Other mylodontines, Other sloths, Outer layer, Outgroup, Outgroups, Ovate, Palaeanodon, Palaeanodonta, Palaeanodonts, Palaeomyrmidon, Palatal, Palatal surface, Palate, Paleontology, Pangolin, Paramylodon, Parocnus, Pascual, Patterson, Patterson pascual, Paula couto, Paup, Paup analyses, Pelecyodon, Perea, Pholidota, Phylogenetic, Phylogenetic hypotheses, Phylogenetic relationships, Phylogeny, Pilosa, Planops, Pleistocene, Pleurolestodon, Pliometanastes, Pliomorphus, Poinar, Postcranial, Posterior, Posterior edge, Posterior teeth, Posteriorly, Postorbital, Postorbital process, Premaxilla, Preorbital length, Present analysis, Present study, Previous authors, Pronothrotherium, Protamandua, Prozaedyus, Pseudoprepotherium, Pterygoid, Ramus, Region characters, Robust, Sagittal crest, Santacrucian, Scelidotheriinae, Scelidotherium, Schismotherium, Sister group, Sister taxa, Sister taxon, Skull, Sloth, Sloth interrelationships, Sloth taxa, Smithsonian institution press, Snout, Sphenopalatine foramen, Sphenorbital, Spout, Squamosal, Strict consensus tree, Subfamily, Symphyseal, Symphyseal spout, Symphysis, Synapomorphies, Szalay, Tamandua, Tardigrada, Taxon, Taxonomic, Thinobadistes, Tolypeutes, Toothrow, Transverse width, Tree sloth diphyly, Tree sloths, Tympanic cavity, Unambiguous, Unambiguous synapomorphies, Unequivocal, Unequivocal synapomorphies, Unpublished dphil thesis, Various families, Ventral, Ventral view, Ventrally, Vermilingua, Vermilinguas, Vertebrate, Vertebrate paleontology, Vomer, Vomerine wings, Weak bootstrap, Webb, Webb perrigo, Weighting, West indies, White macphee, Winge, Xenarthra, Xenarthrans, Zoological, Zoological journal, Zygomatic, Zygomatic process.
• Teeft :
  • Academia brasileira, Acratocnus, Alisphenoid, Alternative hypotheses, Ambiguous characters, American museum, American museum novitates, Amnh, Analcimorphus, Angeles county, Angular process, Anteater, Anterior, Anterior edge, Anteriorly, Anteroposterior, Anteroposterior length, Anteroposteriorly, Anteroventral, Antillean, Auditory, Auditory region, Auditory region characters, Basal, Basal megatherioids, Black lines, Bootstrap, Bradypus, Braincase, Braincase width, Branch support, Branch support value, Branch support values, Buccinator fossa, Buenos aires, Cartelle, Catonyx, Character state changes, Character states, Choloepus, Cingulata, Clade, Condylar, Condyle, Condyloid, Condyloid process, Conv, Convergent, Convex, Coronoid, Coronoid process, Couto, Cranial, Craniodental, Craniodental characters, Crown group, Cyclopes, Data matrix, Dental characters, Dentition, Diphyly, Dorsal, Dorsal view, Dorsally, Dorsoventrally, Ecology, Edentata, Edentate, Engelmann, Entotympanic, Eremotherium, Eucholoeops, Euphractus, Eutardigrada, Eutherian, Extant, Extant sloth genera, Extant taxa, External nares, Extinct, Extinct sloths, Families megatheriidae, Family megalonychidae, Family megatheriidae, Family nothrotheriidae, Fmnh, Foramen, Foramen magnum, Fossa, Fossil, Frailey, Gaudin, Gaudin branham, Genus, Glenoid, Glossotherium, Glyptodonts, Greenwood, Ground sloths, Guth, Hapalops, Hirschfeld, Hirschfeld webb, Hoffstetter, Holmesina, Horizontal ramus, Intermediate development, Interrelationship, Iuliis, Jugal, Kraglievich, Lacrimal, Lacrimal foramen, Lamina, Late miocene, Lateral, Lateral view, Laterally, Lestodon, Linnean, Linnean society, Lobate, Long axis, Lower teeth, Lower tooth, Lydekker, Macphee, Mammal, Mammalia, Mandible, Mandibular, Mandibular canal, Mandibular coronoid process, Mandibular symphysis, Matthew paula couto, Maxilla, Maxillary, Maxillary foramen, Mcdonald, Mcdonald perea, Mckenna, Mckenna bell, Medial, Medial palatal process, Mediolaterally, Megalocnus, Megalonychid, Megalonychidae, Megalonychids, Megalonychoidea, Megalonyx, Megatheria, Megatheriid, Megatheriidae, Megatherioidea, Megatherioids, Megatherium, Metacheiromys, Miocene, Moderate length, Molariform, Molariform teeth, Molariforms, Monophyletic, Monophyletic group, Monophyly, Morphology, Muizon, Muizon mcdonald, Multistate, Mylodon, Mylodontid, Mylodontidae, Mylodontinae, Mylodontines, Myrmecophaga, Naples, Nasal region, Nasopharynx, Natural history, Natural history museum, Nematherium, Neocnus, Nnnnn, Nnnnn nnnnn nnnnn nnnnn nnnnn, Node, Nothropus, Nothrotheres, Nothrotheriidae, Nothrotheriids, Nothrotheriops, Nothrotherium, Novacek, Nuchal, Nuchal crest, Occipital, Occipital condyles, Occiput, Occlusal, Occlusal surface, Octodontotherium, Octomylodon, Optic foramen, Orbital exposure, Orbital foramina, Order xenarthra, Orthodentine, Other mylodontines, Other sloths, Outer layer, Outgroup, Outgroups, Ovate, Palaeanodon, Palaeanodonta, Palaeanodonts, Palaeomyrmidon, Palatal, Palatal surface, Palate, Paleontology, Pangolin, Paramylodon, Parocnus, Pascual, Patterson, Patterson pascual, Paula couto, Paup, Paup analyses, Pelecyodon, Perea, Pholidota, Phylogenetic, Phylogenetic hypotheses, Phylogenetic relationships, Phylogeny, Pilosa, Planops, Pleistocene, Pleurolestodon, Pliometanastes, Pliomorphus, Poinar, Postcranial, Posterior, Posterior edge, Posterior teeth, Posteriorly, Postorbital, Postorbital process, Premaxilla, Preorbital length, Present analysis, Present study, Previous authors, Pronothrotherium, Protamandua, Prozaedyus, Pseudoprepotherium, Pterygoid, Ramus, Region characters, Robust, Sagittal crest, Santacrucian, Scelidotheriinae, Scelidotherium, Schismotherium, Sister group, Sister taxa, Sister taxon, Skull, Sloth, Sloth interrelationships, Sloth taxa, Smithsonian institution press, Snout, Sphenopalatine foramen, Sphenorbital, Spout, Squamosal, Strict consensus tree, Subfamily, Symphyseal, Symphyseal spout, Symphysis, Synapomorphies, Szalay, Tamandua, Tardigrada, Taxon, Taxonomic, Thinobadistes, Tolypeutes, Toothrow, Transverse width, Tree sloth diphyly, Tree sloths, Tympanic cavity, Unambiguous, Unambiguous synapomorphies, Unequivocal, Unequivocal synapomorphies, Unpublished dphil thesis, Various families, Ventral, Ventral view, Ventrally, Vermilingua, Vermilinguas, Vertebrate, Vertebrate paleontology, Vomer, Vomerine wings, Weak bootstrap, Webb, Webb perrigo, Weighting, West indies, White macphee, Winge, Xenarthra, Xenarthrans, Zoological, Zoological journal, Zygomatic, Zygomatic process.

Abstract

• https://api.istex.fr/document/D2624D965E122F8AACF004A61615CB217B356EF4/fulltext/pdf

Affiliations:

• États-Unis
• Tennessee

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